Specifications

Component List

All components listed below are included in this kit. Items marked Optional can be customized.

Component	Standard Spec	Upgrade Options	Qty	Link
Glass Funnel	60mm, 60° cone	75mm 90mm Short/Long stem	×1
Iron Stand	6×9", 24" rod	Heavy-duty base	×1	—
Iron Ring	For iron stand	Different diameters	×1	—
Glass Rod	200mm	300mm	×1	—
Beaker (receiving)	250ml	100ml 500ml 1000ml	×1
Filter Paper	Φ60mm, medium-speed	Fast/Slow speed Glass fiber	×100	—

📌 Customization Notes:
• Funnel diameter: 60mm (standard), 75mm, 90mm — pick based on your volume
• Filter paper: fast, medium (standard), slow — pick based on your precipitate
• Glass fiber paper available for acid or hot filtration
• Mix and match — no minimum order quantity
• Special requirements? Just ask our technical team

💡 Recommended Add-Ons: Wash bottle · Graduated cylinder · Beakers in various sizes · Extra filter paper (different grades)

Product Description

I. How It Works

Gravity filtration is simple: gravity pulls the liquid through the filter paper's tiny pores — solids stay on top, the liquid (filtrate) flows into the container below.

Unlike vacuum filtration, gravity filtration doesn't need a pump. The setup is simple and easy to handle, making it the most common filtration method in chemistry, biology, pharma, and environmental labs. It's not fast, but for routine solid-liquid separation, it gets the job done.

✦ Gravity vs Vacuum Filtration:

Gravity Filtration: Gravity-driven, slower — best for collecting the filtrate (target is in solution).
Vacuum Filtration: Vacuum-driven, faster — best for collecting the solid (target is the precipitate).
Bottom line: Need the liquid → gravity. Need the solid, need speed → vacuum.

II. What's in the Setup

Glass Funnel — 60° cone angle, tight filter paper fit
Filter Paper — fast, medium, or slow speed — pick based on your precipitate
Iron Stand (with Ring) — holds the funnel, height adjustable
Glass Rod — for decanting, keeps things tidy
Beaker (receiving vessel) — collects the filtrate
Wash Bottle (optional) — for wetting paper and washing precipitates

III. Choosing the Right Filter Paper

Filter papers come in three speeds based on pore size. Pick the right one and filtration goes smoothly:

Fast-Speed — largest pores — for gelatinous precipitates or when you're in a hurry
Medium-Speed — most common — for coarse crystalline precipitates
Slow-Speed — smallest pores — for fine or amorphous precipitates

For acid-treated samples or hot filtration, go with glass fiber filter paper — it's more durable and heat-resistant.

IV. Material & Craftsmanship

The funnel is made from borosilicate glass 3.3 — heat-resistant, chemically stable, and transparent so you can see what's going on. The 60° cone angle is standard — filter paper fits tight. The stem is smooth inside, so once the water column forms, filtration speeds up noticeably.

Manufactured to GB/T 28211-2011 standards — you can count on it.

Applications

Typical Applications

Teaching Labs

Basic chemistry experiments — salt purification, precipitation separation, solution prep

Water Quality Analysis

Separating suspended solids and particulates from water samples

Precipitation Separation

Separating precipitates from solutions in chemical analysis

Solution Preparation

Removing insoluble impurities when making solutions

Crude Product Purification

Removing drying agents or insoluble by-products in organic synthesis

When to Use This

Your target is the soluble component in solution (you need the filtrate)

There's only a small amount of solid impurity

Filtration speed isn't critical — you're not in a rush

Not for large amounts of solid or when you need to collect the solid fast — use vacuum filtration for that

Factor	Effect	What to Do
Funnel stem diameter	3–5mm is fastest	Pick the right funnel
Filter paper type	Fast > Medium > Slow	Choose based on precipitate
Water column	Big speed increase when present	Keep the stem liquid-sealed
Solution temperature	Hot = lower viscosity = faster	Heat it up (but mind hot filtration technique)
Precipitate nature	Gelatinous precipitates clog paper	Pre-heat to break down gel structure

Operation & Maintenance

User Guide

Gravity filtration looks simple, but details matter. Remember "one angle, two lows, three touches" — and you'll be fine.

I. Before You Start

Check the funnel for cracks or chips
Pick the right filter paper for your precipitate
Make sure the paper size matches the funnel — after folding, the edge should sit about 5mm below the rim
Your receiving beaker should be clean and dry

Assembly sequence

Mount the iron ring on the stand and adjust the height
Place the funnel in the ring, make sure it's vertical
Position the receiving beaker so the funnel stem touches the beaker wall — the filtrate will run down the wall without splashing

III. Folding the Filter Paper (Quadrant Method)

Fold the circular paper in half twice (don't crease it yet), making a quarter circle
Open it into a cone — one side single-layer, the other three-layer — and place it in the funnel
Adjust the angle so the paper fits tight against the funnel wall (edge about 0.5–1cm below the rim)
On the three-layer side, tear off one corner horizontally (not vertically) — helps it fit better
Crease the fold firmly to lock the shape

IV. Wetting the Paper & Forming the Water Column

Add a little distilled water to wet the paper — press gently to remove air bubbles so the paper sticks to the funnel wall
Add water up to the paper edge so the funnel stem fills with water — that's your continuous water column
Once formed, the water column creates a suction effect that speeds up filtration
If the column won't form, cover the stem outlet with your finger, lift the paper edge, add water between the paper and funnel wall to expel air, then release

V. Filtration

Decant the supernatant first, then transfer the precipitate — keeps the paper from clogging too early
Put the glass rod against the beaker lip and pour the supernatant down the rod — aim for the three-layer side of the paper to avoid tearing the single layer
Each pour should fill no more than 2/3 of the paper, and the beaker shouldn't be more than 3/4 full — prevents overflow
The funnel stem must stay liquid-sealed throughout — don't break the water column
For large volumes, filter in batches — wait for each to drain before adding more

VI. Washing the Precipitate

After transferring the solution, add a small amount of washing solution to the precipitation vessel and stir well
Wait for the precipitate to settle, then decant the supernatant into the funnel
Repeat 2–3 times, then transfer all precipitate onto the paper
Follow the "small amounts, multiple times" principle — it's more efficient
Check the filtrate for impurities to confirm the precipitate is clean

VII. Cleanup

Remove the filter paper with the precipitate
If you're collecting the precipitate, dry the paper at 105℃ and weigh it
Wash the funnel, beaker, and glass rod — everything
Dry and store properly

📌 "One Angle, Two Lows, Three Touches" — The Core Rules:

One Angle: Paper fold angle must match the funnel cone (60°)
Two Lows: ① Paper edge 5mm below the rim; ② Liquid level below 2/3 of the paper height
Three Touches: ① Funnel stem touches the receiving vessel wall; ② Glass rod tip touches the three-layer side; ③ Beaker lip touches the glass rod

💡 From a Seasoned Lab Hand:

"The water column is the soul of gravity filtration." — that continuous stream in the stem creates suction that really speeds things up. If filtration slows down, first thing to check is whether the water column has broken.
Funnel stem diameter affects speed — 3–5mm gives you the best flow.
For hot filtration (like during recrystallization), use a stemless funnel or pre-heat the funnel — otherwise the solute will crystallize in the stem and block it.
If the filtrate is still cloudy, possible causes: torn paper, liquid level above the paper edge (liquid bypassing the paper), or a dirty receiving vessel.

Care & Notes

Show care & notes

⚠️ Safety & Compliance Checklist

Hot filtration: Use a stemless funnel or pre-heat the funnel to prevent solute crystallization in the stem

Do not

Always use the glass rod for decanting: NEVER pour without it — you'll splash and tear the paper
Keep the liquid level below the paper edge: NEVER let it go over — the liquid will bypass the paper and filtration fails
Rest the rod on the three-layer side: Gently touch the three-layer side — avoid puncturing the single layer

Gravity Filtration Apparatus

Specifications

Component List

Product Description

I. How It Works

II. What's in the Setup

III. Choosing the Right Filter Paper

IV. Material & Craftsmanship

Applications

Teaching Labs

Water Quality Analysis

Precipitation Separation

Solution Preparation

Crude Product Purification

User Guide

I. Before You Start

Assembly sequence

III. Folding the Filter Paper (Quadrant Method)

IV. Wetting the Paper & Forming the Water Column

V. Filtration

VI. Washing the Precipitate

VII. Cleanup

Care & Notes

Need This Apparatus Kit?

Gravity Filtration Apparatus

Specifications

Component List

Product Description

I. How It Works

II. What's in the Setup

III. Choosing the Right Filter Paper

IV. Material & Craftsmanship

Applications

Teaching Labs

Water Quality Analysis

Precipitation Separation

Solution Preparation

Crude Product Purification

User Guide

I. Before You Start

Assembly sequence

III. Folding the Filter Paper (Quadrant Method)

IV. Wetting the Paper & Forming the Water Column

V. Filtration

VI. Washing the Precipitate

VII. Cleanup

Care & Notes

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